Vaporizer for petroleum-motors.



n. 848,914. A Patented' may 8,1900. H. A. BERTHEAU.

VAPDRIZER FOBPTBOLEUM MOTURS. (Application mnd my 2o, 1898;)

(No Model.)

lthe piston.

UNITED STATES vPrifienrr OFFICE.

HENRIK AUGUST BERTHEAU, OF STOCKHOLM, SVEDEN.

VAPORFIZER FOR PETROLEUM-MOTORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 648,914, dated may s, 1900.

Application filed July 20,

To @ZZ whom it may concern: v

Be it known that I, I-IENRIK AUGUST BER- THEAU, engineer, residing at Stockholm, Sweden, have invented Improvements in Vaporizers for Petroleum-Motors, of which Vthe following is a specification.

This invention has relation to hydrocarbonmotors of the kind in whichA a liquid hydrocarbon is supplied to a vaporizing-chamber to which air is supplied to form with the hydrocarbon vapor an explosive mixture, which is then admitted to the power-cylinder at proper times and ignited. In this class of engines there is provided al suitable feed-conduit connected with the source of liquid-hydrocarbon supply and with the vaporizingchamber, in which conduit is arranged a valve that controls the supply of hydrocarbon to said vaporizing-chamber, the valve itself being as a rule'controlled by the movements of In motors of this class of great capacity or power, consuming comparativelylarge quantities of liquid hydrocarbon, the valve-controlled admission-port for the hydrocarbon is necessarily of .considerable-cross'- sectional area and not liable to be choked either by solid residues of the motive fluidor from other causes. In motors of small power,

however,'the valve-controlled admission-port is necessarily of comparatively-small crosssectional area, and ypractice has demonstrated that this port becomes readily choked, caus- 'ing considerable trouble and inconvenience.

chamber of the power-cylinder.

The invention has for its further object certain features of construction whereby a portion of the power-cylinder is cooled from within by the air used in the formation of the explosive iiuid, whereby said air is heated before its admixture with the hydrocarbon vapor.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is 189B.; semi No. 686,442.Y (No model.)

'a longitudinal vertical sectional View of so much of a hydrocarbon-motor as is necessary to a full understanding of my-improvements. Fig. 2 is a left end View, and Fig. 3 a top plan view thereof. v

In the above drawings,b indicates the powercylinder, the inner end of Which-nan1ely,the combustion-chamber b'-has the form of a frustum of a cone, through the smaller end of which extends the hot tube f for igniting the charges of explosive fluid. The combustionchamber has a port controlled by a loaded tition b3 into two chambers a and a', vencompassing the greater portion of the power-cyl;V inder, a suitablel coolingagent, as cold wat'ef' circulating through the space a around portion of the power-cylinder extending outwardly from the combustion-chamber, while outer end is of increased cross-sectional area,

itsinner faces converging to the outer cylinder-head g', forming a chamber b4, having the form of the frustum of a cone.

In the enlarged outer portion of the cylinder b are formed two ports a? CL3 at diametricallyopposite points leading into suitable valve boxes or casings c2 The valve-casing c2 has inlet port or ports controlled by a check-valve Z, opening inwardly, while the outlet port or ports a3 are controlled by a check-valve k, opening outwardly, both valves being gravity-valves. The valve-casing c3 is IOO connected by pipe h with the vaporizingchamber a.

From the inner face of the outer cylinderhead g' projects a boss B, having the form of a frustum of a cone and fitting a corresponding cavity i in the piston p.

On the under side of the power-cylinder from near its inner end along the jacketspace a' is arranged a reservoir d for the liquid hydrocarbon, said reservoir communicating directly with the vaporizing-chamber d through a passage of comparatively-large area, the liquid being distributed over the evaporating-surface by means of strips of absorbent material c-as, for instance, wicks or the likesuspended from the combustionchamber b.' and dipping into-the reservoir d, or saidabsorbentmaterial may be wound around the said combustion-chamber, so that the ends thereof will dip intov said reservoir, as shown. t

Inasmuch as the combustion-chamber b is tapering, the absorbent material is liable undervibratory or jarring movements to crowd toward the inner end of said chamber, and vthis I avoid by forming circular grooves h4 in the outer face of the tapering portion of. the power-cylinder, as shown in Fig. 1.

In the motor constructed as described a portion of the power-cylinder on one side of the combustion-chamber t isfcooled by a cooling agent circulating in jacket-space a', said coolin g agent also serving to cool the oil-reservoir, thus preventing undue evaporation ot'4 liquid hydrocarbon. The extreme outer end oi' the power-cylinder is cooled from within by the ail-.used in the'formation of the explosive uid, while the heat radiated from the comv bustion-chamber is consumed in vaporizing the liquid hydrocarbon and in further heating the air admitted to the vaporzing-chamber, thereby preventing the inner portion of `the power-cylinder from becoming unduly .heated and utilizing the heat radiated from said portions, as will be readily understood. The operation of the described motor is as v follows, it being assumed that the piston is moving out under the explosive force of a charge of explosive uid, the air coniined in the outer enlarged portion of the workin g cylinder being compressed, thereby unseating valve 7., and securely holding valve Z to its seat, the said air being forced into the vaporiZing-chamber d through outlet-ports controlled by valve lo and pipe h. As the piston uncovers exhaust-port m the products of combustion are exhausted, valve eis unseated by suction, and a charge of explosive fluid is drawn into the combustion-chamber b. The piston then moves inwardly, covering eX- haust-post m, unseating air-inlet valve l, drawing airinto the outer end of the cylinder, and compressing the admitted charge of explosive tluid, which is then ignited, and the described operation is repeated, the motor working as a two-cycle motor.

The extent of the evaporating-surfa-ce, as well as the capacity of the means for supplying liquid hydrocarbon thereto, will of course be regulated in accordance with the capacity ordimensions of the motor in such a manner that a sufficient quantity of hydrocarbon will be evaporated, and a sufiicient quantity of air will be mixed therewith to form the required quantity of explosive iiuid to operate the motor. This of course means that no appliances are provided for the admission of variable quantities of explosive iiuid to the power-cylinder, which of course is a fact, nor

are such appliances necessary, because the volume of hydrocarbon vapor generated and the volume of air mixed therewith during 'each reciprocation of the piston are practically constant, resulting in charges of uniform volume drawn into the power-cylinder during each outstroke of the piston. Hence an engine constructed as described is not applicable to the moving of variable loads and is principally designed for pumping and similar work Where the load is at all times practically constant. 1 v v Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare that what I claim is- 1. In a hydrocarbon-motor, a hydrocarbonreservoir, a vaporizing-chamber surrounding the combustion-chamber, a series of wicks on the latter adapted toconvey vaporizable hydrocarbon thereto from' said reservoirand means for forcing air across said wicks and feeding the same into the combustion-chainber, substantially as set forth.

2. In a hydrocarbon-motor, a vaporizingchamber surrounding the combustion-chamber, -a hydrocarbon-reservoir,forming part thereof, a series of wicks suspended on the combustion-chamber and into the reservoir, means for forcingvheated air from the opposite side of the piston across said Wicks and feeding the same into thev combustion-chainber, substantiallyv as set forth.

3. In a hydrocarbon-motor, a vaporizingchamber surrounding the combustion-chainber, a gravity-valve controlling communication between the two chambers, a hydrocarbon-reservoir forming part of the vaporizingchamber, a series of wicks suspended on the combustionchamber and extending into the reservoir, and means for forcing heated air from the opposite end of the cylinder across the wicks and into the combustion-chamber, substantially as set forth.

4. In a hydrocarbon-motor, a cylinder, a combustion-chamber at one end and air-compressing chamber at the other, an exhaustport opened and closed by the piston, in combination with a mixing-chamber and a hydrocarbon reservoir surrounding the combustion-chamber, wicks suspended from said combustion-chamber into the reservoir, and means for conducting compressed air from be- IOO IIO

IZO

` hind the cylinder through they mixing-chaminto the hydrocarbon-reservoir, a Valve-controlled passage connecting the aforementioned two chambers, and means for admitting air to the vaporizing-ohamber, for the purpose set forth.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my v hand in presence of two Witnesses.

HENRIK AUGUST BERTHEAU.

Vitnesses:

KONR. DAHLQvisT, M. GENBERG. 

